Date de publication:
15 Mai 2012
Mots-clefs:
- publication électronique
- working papers
- publication
- Kenya
- Turquie
- Islam
Publié ici :
15 Mai 2012Mis à jour le :
23 Juin 2017Zone géographique:
- Afrique
Parution Ifra-Nairobi: Mambo - Turkish Islam in Africa: a Study of the Gülen Movement in Kenya
Gabrielle Angey
Naïrobi, Ifra-Naïrobi, Mambo Volume X n° 3, Mai 2012, 4 p.
This paper addresses the current expansion of a religiously motivated educative movement coming from Turkey, the Fethullah Gülen movement, in Africa and more specifically in Kenya. First it will highlight the stakes raised by the definition of the movement and the nature of its action. Then it will strive to demonstrate the existence of a "joint-venture" between the Turkish state and the movement of Fethullah Gülen. Lastly it will examine the impact of the movement on Kenya, a retreating state, and the project of creating an "indigenized" elite in the country.
The Gülen movement: a movement hard to characterize focusing on conservative education
The Gülen movement was founded after Fethullah Gülen. Gülen was a Turkish thinker and former Imam who left Turkey for the United States, officially for health reasons in 1999, due to conflicting relations with the Turkish state. The movement was at first a national movement constitutive of a Turkish Islam that kept expanding under the absence of its leader. The movement, hard to characterize on a religious perspective, positions itself in the continuation of a famous historical brotherhood, the Nakshbandiyya, one of the biggest Muslim brotherhoods in the world, and recognizes the legacy of historical mystics. Yet, nowadays, despite its obvious religious inspiration, its members, the Fethullahci (the followers of Fethullah Gülen) refuse to be designated as a brotherhood (tarikat). It is interesting to notice that the qualification of the movement has shifted according to its level of insertion in the globalization process, from cemaat (communauté) to birlik (cultural union) and eventually to the current terminology of yurttaş hareketi (civic movement). By doing so, the movement, increasingly internationalized, tends to conceal its religious dimension and rather emphasize humanitarian and universal dimensions. Consequently, the movement, born in a Sunni context yet borrowing to Sufi influences, can hardly be positioned as a religious movement.
(...)
The author
Gabrielle Angey is a PhD student in Political sciences, at Université Paris 1. This article is the result of her preliminary research done in 2011.
Table of contents
- The Gülen movement: a movement hard to characterize focusing on conservative education
- The expansion of the Gülen movement in Africa and Turkish diplomacy
- A movement well greeted by a retreating Kenyan state
- Gülen's offspring: creating a "golden generation" («altın nesil»)
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