The post-apartheid South African government has set up a new comprehensive legislative framework aiming at democratizing and deracializing the education system. Through various institutional arrangements promoting decentralization, like the School Governing Bodies (SGBs), the population can fully participate in the management of schools. This democratization intends to increase the access to and the quality of education, in a broader move towards the diminution of inequalities in the schooling environment. Nevertheless, the evaluation of such interventions reveals a mixed picture.